Coating ferrous metals



vInLn, a citizenof the oxidation, corrosion or rust.

UNITED STATES PA ENT; i OFFICE.

CHARLES BASKER'VILLE, NEW YORK, N. Y.

COATING FERBOUS METALS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I (Jr-mums BASKER- IJnited States, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented' certain new and useful Improvements in Coating Ferrous Metals, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to the coating of ferrous metals under which term I include cast iron, wrought iron, and steel, the said coating being performed either with lead, or with an alloy of lead and antimony.

In the coating of ferrous metals with lead, I have found that it is preferable 'to coat the ferrous metal first either with'antimony, either alone or in the form of an alloy con taining antimony, the object of this preliminary coating being to form an articlewhich will very readily take up a coating of metallic. lead.

In the coating of metallic iron with an alloy of lead and antimony, the treatment of the ferrous metal with a preliminary layercontaining antimony is not necessary, but in some instances is advisable.

It is obvious that the coating may cover eitherathe' entire surface of the article of ierrous metal, or a portion only of the surace.

Iron or steel possesses sufficient strength for use in very many connections inwhich its use is prohibited, since the metal, particularly in contact with water, aqueous solutions'and acids, undergoes more or less A particular use to which iron could be put, if itwere not for its tendency to rust or corrode, is thepreparation of plates of filter presses, although the invention may be applied to iron or steel, either in the form of p ates or sheets, or rods or wires, or the invention may be applied to the treatment of objects made of cast iron, which may or 'may not have been machined, and in the treatment of machined iron,'the iron may be machined in places only, or over its entire surface.

Wrought iron or steel is first pickled in acids. in substantially the usual manner; it

Specification of Letters Patent.

may then be washed and dipped into a molten alloy of lead and antimony .(3 to 13% of the latter) and thereafter dipped into molten lead. As the metal thus coated emerges from the last bath of molten metal it may be first quenched in oil and then e ther 1n water or a soap solution, or if desired the quenching in oil may be omitted.

I In the pickling of certain varieties of iron,

Patented May 17, 1921. Application filed June 25, 1914. Serial No. 847,823. 7

particularly castiron, hydrofluoric acidmay be used in the pickling bath as has been already proposed either as an aqueous solution of this acid alone, or an aqueous solution of this acid mixed with other acids, with or withoutsalts.

In this process a suitable flux, which may or may not contain zinc chlorid, may

- be placed upon the molten lead-antimony alloy, or the molten lead, or both,'in order to cause the lead or alloy to more readily attach itself to the iron.

This process is applicable, to sheets, rods or wires, or other iron or steel articles.

E wample B.

any one or more of the U. S. patents to Goo'dson Nos. 900,846, 900,847, 987 ,448 and 1,061,066, and Reissue 12,779.

The article may then be dipped 9r immersed into a bath of molten-lead, which bath may or may not have previously been treated electrically, as above referred to, or if desired, this second dipping may be into 'a bath composed of an alloy of different composition from that used in the first step,

/which alloy may or may not have been" treated electrically by the means above referred to. The use of a flux, floating upon the bath of molten alloy or metal, which flux may or may notcontain zinc chlorid, is optional.

The metal articleunder treatment, as it emerg' from the last bath of molten metal or a 0y, may'optionally be quenched in oil, water, soap solution, or mixtures or sequences of these. If it is desired to coat cast'iron according -to this process the recess of ickling may involve the use of of-lead ydrofluorlc acid as above refor example be of 220%-. The iron is then washed, is then subjected to the action of suitable flux, then treated with a bath of lead and antimony (from 3 to 13% of the latter) which alloy may or may not have been treated electrically as above referred to.

As an optional method of coating the cast iron with the antimony, the cast iron ma be dipped and allowed to stand for a short t1me, in a solution of antimony chlorid .(SbCl,) and subsequently washed or swilled.

The iron coated with either antimony or an antimony lead-alloy, is placed in a mold,

in such a manner that the plated iron forms a core around which molten lead, or an alloy to cool ciently for thelead or alloy to solidify. The lead or alloy of lead used in this casting step may or may not have been subjected to the electrical treatment above referred to.

Example D. The ironmay be pickled, either by the well known methods, or by the method involving the 'use of hydrofluoric acid, and may then receive athin coating of antimony, either by treatment with a solution of anti.-

mony chlorid or by immersion in a bath ofmolten alloy of lead and antimony, and the coated metal is then dipped or immersed in the bath of coating metal.

- The preliminary coating of antimony may be-produced in a variety of ways, for ex am lewthose abovereferredto, or theiron,

which may have been pickled, if desired, is

dipped into a solution of hydrosulfite (for example the technical productsold as hydrosulfite, cipal ingredient, but which ordinarily is not pure), after which the iron may be dippedof antimonyor immersed in a solution chlorid. The coating with antimony may also be.produced by dipping or immersing clean iron, in an acid so ution of antimony chlorid (a solution of SbCl, so-called butter of antimony]? containing free H01) and allowing the antimony to deposit on the surface of the iron. Another method of coating the iron with antimony, lron article, having a comparatively clean surface, to the vapors of metallic antimony formed by subjecting metallic antimony to an elevated temperatureyor-by distillin a is to subjectthe mixture of antimony oxid and a. car

naceous material. Another methodisb electroplatmg clean 1 ron,with a thinctmtingof slgoured, and. the material allowed which contains Na S O,, as its pri-nsherardizing the iron articles with antimony.

As specific example of this mode of .mentthe following are given:

D1. (1. Pickle iron in H SO,,

b. Washin water a. Let stand in antimony trichlorid solution, until a coating of antimony has formed on the iron, such solution may consist of:

40 oz. H O 10 oz. HCl 1 oz-. --SbCl solution (so-called butter of antimony) 0!. Wash in'water e. Dip in cut zinc flux,

f. Dip in molten lead.

D2. (1. Pickle the iron in H SO 6. Wash in water '0. Dip in hydrosulfite solution, d. Di in antimony trichlorid solut1on (describedabove) until de-' posit forms,

e. Wash in water,

f. Dip in cut zinc flux,

9. Dip in lead.

D3. 11. Pickle iron in-H,SO

tr t

(2. Dip in molten metal antimon alloy).

The metal coate with antimony according to either ofthe methods described under' (lead orlead D1 D2, D3 or D4, may then be placed 'in a mo d, in such a manner as to form the core of the mold, and molten lead or other molten metal may be cast around 1 the coated iron or steel, in order to form a coat' g of any desired thickness, which coating will closel adhere to the metal base, or the iron coate with antimonyma be di ped into a bath. of molten lead or alloys of cad, such as above stated.

The coatedartieles, inany of these exam ples may be quenched in oil or water or soap solution, as above described. Attempts have heretofore been made, .and

various patents have been s'ecured'for proc-.

or steel, with the lead, it has been necessary to carefully manipulate the lead and iron. I have found that by my method, which involves the applicatlon of a layer of anti.- mony, or an alloy containing antimony to the iron, it is a very simple matter to afterward apply metallic lead in such a manner as to produce a complete union between the lead and the iron.

What I claim is 1. A method of coating ferrous metals which comprises coating said metals first with metallic antimony in a substantially pure condition, and thereafter coating with a material containing metallic lead.

2. A method of coating iron or steel, which comprises treating the same, with a solution containing an antimony compound, and thereafter coating with a material containing metallic lead.

3. A method of coating a ferrous metal which comprises pickling the same in a bath containing hydrofluoric acid, treating with a solution of an antimony salt, thereafter immel'sing in a bath containing molten lead, said bath carrying on its surface, a flux containing zinc chlorid, and thereafter quenching the coated metal in a suitable liquid.

4. A process of coating ferrous articles which comprises (a) pickling in acid, (b) treating with a solution containing a hydrosulfite, (c) treating with a solutlon of an antimony compound, and thereafter dipping into a molten lead-containing bath.

5. In the coating of iron, steps of pickling the iron, thereafter immersing at least a portion of the article in a bath containing N a,,S,,O and thereafter coating the same metallic lead, said coating being united to I 40 6. A ferrous metal having a coating .Of

said ferrous metal by a layer of an alloy consisting of antimony and lead.

7. A method of coating a ferrous metal article which comprises pickling the same in a bath containing hydrofluoric acid, dipping the same into a solution containing a hydrosulfite, subjecting said article to the action of an acid solution of. an antimony salt, and thereafter coating the same with a material containing lead, and thereafter quenching the coated'article in a suitable liquid.

8. A process of coating ferrous articles which comprises (a) pickling in acid, treating with a solution contalning a hydrosulfite, (0) treating with a solution of an antimony compound, (03) treating with a zinkiferous fluxing agent, and thereafter dipping into a molten'lead-containing bath. 9. A process of uniting a coating layer of a lead-containing metallic substance to a ferrous metal base which comprises subject 4 7 ing a ferrous article to the action of a solution of an antimony compound whereby antimony is coated thereupon, and thereafter subjecting the ferrous article with such coating thereupon to the action of a bath of the said lead-containing metallic substance.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES BASKERVILLE. Witnesses:

THOMAS F. OKEEFFE, Josnrn A. MAGUIRE. 

